Also known as black fever, and Dumdum Fever. It is the second-largest parasitic killer in the world (after malaria).  The parasite migrates to the internal organs such as liver, spleen (hence 'visceral)' and bone marrow and if left untreated will almost always result in the death of the host. Signs and symptoms include fever, weight loss, mucosal ulcers, fatigue, anemia and substantial swelling of the liver and spleen.  is spread through an insect and the sandfly. [ Back ]